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Number of results: 7(( ayoub ) AND AU:ayoub )

Book

LGBT Activism and the Making of Europe : A Rainbow Europe? /

ed. by Phillip Ayoub and David Paternotte.Houndmills [etc.]: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014 - xv, 245 p.: ill.

edition:	Houndmills [etc.]: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014 - xv, 245 p.: ill.
subjects:	lgbtq+ movement lgbtq+ civil rights homophobia lgbtq+ activism sentencing europe kyrgyzstan poland croatia 1945 2000 2000 2010
resume:	Europe has long been regarded as a unique place for the promotion and furthering of LGBT rights. This important and compelling study investigates the alleged uniqueness and its ties to a relatively long history of LGBT and queer movements in the region. Contributors argue that LGBT movements were inspired by specific ideas about European democratic values and a responsibility towards human rights, and that they sought to realize these on the ground through activism, often crossing borders to foster a wider movement. In making this argument, they discuss the 'idea of Europe' as it relates to LGBT rights, the history of European LGBT movements, the role of European institutions in adopting LGBT policies, and the construction of European 'others' in this process.

signature:	cat. (lgbt/act) b ODE3
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Book

When States Come Out : Europe's Sexual Minorities and the Politics of Visibility /

Phillip M. Ayoub.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016 - xx, 275 p.: ill.

edition:	Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016 - xx, 275 p.: ill.
annotation:	Bibliogr.: p. 247-270.
subjects:	lgbtq+ rights policy lgbtq+ civil rights lgbtq+ movement lgbtq+ visibility lgbtq+ social processes politics government attitudes europe poland slovenia
resume:	In the last two decades, the LGBT movement has gained momentum that is arguably unprecedented in speed and suddenness when compared to other human rights movements. This book investigates the recent history of this transnational movement in Europe, focusing on the diffusion of the norms it champions and the overarching question of why, despite similar international pressures, the trajectories of socio-legal recognition for LGBT minorities are so different across states. The book makes the case that a politics of visibility has engendered the interactions between movements and states that empower marginalized people - mobilizing actors to demand change, influencing the spread of new legal standards, and weaving new ideas into the fabrics of societies. It documents how this process of 'coming out' empowers marginalized social groups by moving them to the center of political debate and public recognition and making it possible for them to obtain rights to which they have due claim.

signature:	cat. (ayoub/whe) b ODE3
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Article

Contested norms in newadopter states : International determinants of LGBT rights legislation / Phillip M. Ayoub.

European Journal of International Relations, 21 (2015) 2 (sep), p. 293-322

source:	European Journal of International Relations year: 21 (2015) 2 (sep), p. 293-322
resume:	This article is concerned with the question of why lesbian, gay, bisexual, and trans (LGBT) rights legislation is introduced at higher levels in some cases and less so in others. To address this puzzle, the article analyzes changes in LGBT rights legislation across European Union (EU) member states between 1970 and 2009. It focuses on the diffusion of five different categories of such legislation (anti-discrimination, criminal law, partnership, parenting rights, and equal sexual offenses provisions) to new EU member states in Central and Eastern Europe, compared with diffusion patterns in older EU member states. I argue that new-adopter states are more dependent on international resources for making new issues visible and are more inclined to see policy adoption as a means to gain external legitimacy and improve reputation. The analysis reveals that the transnational embeddedness of a state's LGBT advocacy organizations is a powerful statistical explanation for successful policy diffusion to new EU member states, alongside international channels that lead to LGBT visibility among society and state authorities. In addition to lending cross-national, empirical reinforcement to some of the theoretical expectations regarding the international sources of diffusion, the results suggest variability in the determinants of LGBT policy adoption between the 15 old and 12 new EU states. Domestic factors, particularly economic modernization, are more relevant for policy adoption in the older member states, whereas the newer member states display greater dependence on transnational actors and are more influenced by international channels.
subjects:	research lgbtq+ civil rights law european union national government lgbtq+ social processes social norms 1970 1980 1980 1990 1990 2000 2000 2010

signature:	dgb artikelen (ayoub/con)

Article

When Do Opponents of Gay Rights Mobilize? : Explaining Political Participation in Times of Backlash against Liberalism / Phillip M. Ayoub and Douglas Page.

Political Research Quarterly, 21 (2019) 2 (jun), p. 1-18

source:	Political Research Quarterly year: 21 (2019) 2 (jun), p. 1-18
resume:	Existing research suggests that supporters of gay rights have outmobilized their opponents, leading to policy changes in advanced industrialized democracies. At the same time, we observe the diffusion of state-sponsored homophobia in many parts of the world. The emergence of gay rights as a salient political issue in global politics leads us to ask, "Who is empowered to be politically active in various societies?" What current research misses is a comparison of levels of participation (voting and protesting) between states that make stronger and weaker appeals to homophobia. Voters face contrasting appeals from politicians in favor of and against gay rights globally. In an analysis of survey data from Europe and Latin America, we argue that the alignment between the norms of sexuality a state promotes and an individual's personal attitudes on sexuality increases felt political efficacy. We find that individuals who are tolerant of homosexuality are more likely to participate in states with gay-friendly policies in comparison with intolerant individuals. The reverse also holds: individuals with low education levels that are intolerant of homosexuality are more likely to participate in states espousing political homophobia.
subjects:	research lgbtq+ civil rights law homophobia lgbtq+ social processes homosexuality gay activism right to vote politicians europe latin america

signature:	dgb artikelen (ayoub/pag)

Article

Intersectional and Transnational Coalitions during Times of Crisis : The European LGBTI Movement / Phillip M. Ayoub.

Social Politics, 26 (2019) 1 (spring), p. 1-29

source:	Social Politics year: 26 (2019) 1 (spring), p. 1-29
resume:	This paper explores an overarching question that informs our understanding of political intersectionality in movement coalition building work: How do limited material resources affect the intersectional consciousness of social movements and the nature of their coalition building work? To answer this question, I conducted an expert survey to assess the intersectional consciousness of the European lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and intersex movement during times of financial crisis. I argue, somewhat paradoxically, that intersectional consciousness is most present at the transnational level, where the potential for brokering cross-movement relationships is high, and that the financial crisis has heightened that consciousness
subjects:	research lgbtq+ movement lgbtq+ communities organisations finances politics socioeconomic characteristics lgbtq+ activists intersectionality europe

signature:	dgb artikelen (ayoub/int)

Article

Building Europe: The International Lesbian and Gay Association (ILGA) and LGBT Activism in Central and Eastern Europe / Phillip Ayoub and David Paternotte.

Perspectives on Europe, 42 (2012) 1 (spring), p. 51-56

source:	Perspectives on Europe year: 42 (2012) 1 (spring), p. 51-56
resume:	In this article, we emphasize the role played by transnational LGBT activists in building Europe, with a focus on their activism at the European level and on the ground in the Central and Eastern European Countries (the CEEC). We argue that these movements were inspired by specific ideas - democratic values and human rights responsibilities - about Europe, and that they tried to realize them through activism. We also posit that, in turn, this activism has contributed to the project of building Europe, mostly within political frameworks like the EU and CoE, as well as to an inherent understanding that LGBT rights are by definition linked to the idea of contemporary European values. Adopting a constructivist approach to European identity construction, which recognizes that agents and structures are interacting and mutually constituted (Katzenstein 1996), we address two central issues: How do transnational LGBT activists represent Europe, and what kind of Europe are they building through their strategies and actions?
subjects:	research lgbtq+ activism lgbtq+ movement european parliament democracy social norms human rights politics europe

signature:	dgb artikelen (ayoub/bui)

Article

The International Lesbian and Gay Association (ILGA) and the Expansion of LGBT Activism in a Unified Europe / Phillip M. Ayoub, David Paternotte

Critique internationale Volume, 70 (2016) 1, p. 55-70

corporative author:
source:	Critique internationale Volume year: 70 (2016) 1 , p. 55-70
resume:	Despite its great cultural and linguistic diversity, Europe is a region that lends itself to transnational activism. Distances are small and there are many communication networks. The LGBT movement has fully profited from all of these advantages - the groundwork for transnational exchanges was already being laid in the nineteenth century. Yet Europe is not just a framework within which LGBT activists pursue their activities; for many of them, it also constitutes a project in its own right. As such, it occupies a central place in the development of transnational LGBT activism. In the present article, we shall consider how these activists used a certain idea of Europe, one associated with tolerance and democratic values, to defend their rights, particularly when faced with what were considered hostile states. Of course, for these activists, LGBT rights were human rights, a leitmotiv of homosexual activism since the end of the Second World War. But they were also central to the European project by virtue of the normative dimension with which it is associated. Such a conception influenced activist strategies and actions in the region, particularly as LGBT activism began expanding into the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Given the growing diversity of LGBT movements, we will concentrate on the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association (ILGA) and its European branch, ILGA-Europe. The unprecedented transformation of LGBT rights over the course of recent decades has not solely resulted from the action of activists but has also reflected a series of fundamental changes within Western societies. Yet we believe that the role of social movements in this process cannot be underestimated. What's more, faced with the diversity of actors, the case of the ILGA is particularly interesting because it allows transnational activism to be studied over a period of more than thirty years. Furthermore, work on transnational activism has taken very little account of LGBT activism and the ILGA constitutes one of the most important groups at this level. We will therefore analyze the role of activist imaginaries in the symbolic construction of political entities and will insist on the interactions between this activist work and the construction of a Europe based on fundamental rights.
subjects:	research democracy international organisations political movements europe 1900 2000

signature:	dgb artikelen (ayoub/int)

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